With the end of the year nearly around the corner, my thoughts turn to tax season. (Yes, I hear the loud groan out there!) I know that many if not most of my clients would like to find a way to have a zero tax bill at the end of each year so thought I would share some numbers and thoughts on that subject.
Remember, the current federal tax system was designed to be progressive: the more you make the more you pay. According to the IRS, in 2005 the top 10% of taxpayers provided 70% of total income tax revenue at an average 25% of their income. Fewer than 2% of those top 20% do not pay any income taxes. That is only about 400,000 individual people in the U.S. – approximately .1%. Most of those folks still pay social security tax, Medicare taxes, state and local taxes, property taxes and sales taxes.
If you want to legally pay no taxes, one strategy is to earn little to nothing. Most of the 40% of the folks out there that pay no federal income taxes earn less than $30,000 per year including the 15 million who do not earn enough to even file tax returns in the first place. Many of those are single ‘head of household’ parents who qualify for an earned income credit and $1000 per child tax credits. (A single person with no kids or deductions can earn up to $10,300.) Earning less is a great tax saving plan – unless you want to have a social life or go anywhere. {smiles}
Before 1986, when Congress started aggressively closing loopholes in the tax laws, you could deposit money in off shore trusts and corporations that were not liable for taxes. However, Congress has passed a bunch of laws that make sure earnings in tax havens like Panama, the Bahamas and the Cayman Islands are taxed. Bank secrecy laws have even been pierced.
You can move to another country and in 2008 have earned less than $87,600 federal tax-free – however, you will probably have to pay local taxes in the country that you moved to.
You can take the drastic step of renouncing your U.S. citizenship to avoid U.S. taxes. However, if the government feels that you have done this only to escape U.S. taxes, they will still tax your income for 10 years.
How to lower your taxes
There are a handful of government-approved ways to collect certain kinds income that is federal income tax free.
Invest in municipal bonds that are used to finance toads, schools and other public works. Do it right and when you retire you can live off your savings income tax free.
Own a small business. Although congress has tightened many of the extravagant deductions that were once common, there are still many things that can be subtracted from your income. Keep in mind that the business expense deductions must be necessary and reasonable. Writing off a trip taking the entire family on a business conference to Hawaii would be frowned upon. However, certain meals out, a home office, a lot of mileage and contributions to an expanded retirement plan are all benefits that you can take advantage of to lower your tax bills.
Invest in Rental Real Estate. Although I personally do not recommend this tough business for everyone, many folks enjoy the tax benefits of owning rental real estate. As long as your rental income is paying for your rental expenses and the value of the property is going up, then when you sell the property you can spread the lower taxed long-term capital gain over several years with an installment sale.
Think you may want to go back to school or take some classes? Another good strategy is to open a 529-college savings plan. Your earnings grow tax-free and the withdrawals are tax-free when the money is used for college expenses for either a child or an adult.
Whether or not you itemize your deductions, you may deduct qualified higher education expenses. You may take the deduction on up to $4,000 in tuition and fees if your adjusted gross income is $65,000 or less ($130,000 for joint filers).
Put your money in a Roth Retirement account. All withdrawals are tax-free after age 59 ½.
Clean out your garage or basement and keep track of your charitable deductions. The new IRS rules require you to have a detailed list of all the items that you donated to places like Goodwill or Salvation Army. You might be surprised what all of those boxes of ‘stuff’ are worth as a deduction on your tax return! (If you do not itemize, check to see if any one else in your family does and if they could use the itemized deduction if you cannot.)
There are some companies and books out there that purport to explain to you how to not pay taxes via methods such as setting yourself up as a non-profit entity or as a church. Most of them charge a fee or require you to buy their book. My personal opinion is to run from these as hard and fast as you can. Most are illegal if not immoral. (Don’t believe these outlandish claims: wages are not income; filing a return and paying taxes are merely voluntary; and being required to file Form 1040 violates the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination or the Fourth Amendment right to privacy. Taxpayers who file a return or make a submission based on one of these positions are subject to a $5,000 penalty.)